The president raised his right hand and ... Who didn’t use a Bible? John Quincy Adams took his oath in 1825 on a law book. Theodore Roosevelt — who was sworn in at the Buffalo, New York ...
“I do solemnly swear (or affirm) that I will faithfully execute the Office of President of the United States, and will to the ...
However, the majority of U.S. presidents have used the Bible during their oath ceremonies. The 20th Amendment clarifies that the oath’s words themselves bind every president who takes it.
President Trump took the oath of office, administered by Chief Justice John Roberts, without his hand on his Bible. However, the Constitution doesn’t specify that a Bible must be used—simply ...