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Through the use of acoustic data deeper than 200 m and considering the open-ocean areas between 40° N and 40° S with bottom depth deeper than 1,000 m and trophic levels 3–3.5 this analysis ...
Individual leopard seals specialize in specific prey types despite being generalist species, reshaping ecosystem dynamics.
In fact, sea urchins replaced fish at the lower trophic levels, and sea urchins are a direct prey source for some mid-trophic level fish, like wrasse and triggerfish.
NASA’s satellites have been photographing the open ocean. Three oceanographers from Duke used this data to examine how the ...
Just in time for summer, the megalodon—the ancient, city bus-sized shark known as the “Megatooth”—has reared its ravenous snout. While the oceans are now safe from the Megatooth, which went extinct an ...
Trend in trophic levels 1961-2009. Graph courtesy of: Bonhommeau et al. Citation: Bonhommeau et al. Eating up the world’s food web and the human trophic level (2013) PNAS. DOI: 10.1073/pnas ...
These metals, such as mercury, can easily accumulate in aquatic organisms and transfer to higher trophic levels. Human activities have significantly increased mercury emissions in the environment.
Same with lead if concentrations go beyond a certain value. We really don’t understand how well lead is taken up by organisms and if it is bioaccumulative in nature with every passing trophic level.