A beam or "girder" bridge is the simplest and most inexpensive kind of bridge. According to Craig Finley of Finley/McNary Engineering, "they're basically the vanillas of the bridge world." ...

The design of structural bridge elements like columns, beam-column joints, and cap beams has changed tremendously over the past 30 years. Many experimental tests have been done in order to determine ...

incorporating two monolithic precast columns, footing and cap beam that were built separately. To evaluate the seismic performance of precast bridge pier construction two hexagonal molds were shaped ...